The final meeting of my spring semester Snowball Earth class was a field trip to the University of Maryland, hosted by Snowball guru Jay Kaufman, a specialist in chemostratigraphy using stable isotopes. Here, Jay welcomes the class to his wet lab: Doing chemostratigraphy takes lots of samples. Here’s a drawer full of samples from one … Read more
I took my structural geology students to that fine outcrop of the Swift Run Formation in eastern Shenandoah National Park on Friday. There, we saw lovely primary structures with tectonic fabric overprinting (as I have showcased here previously). Consider this graded bed with subsequent (vertical) cleavage: And here’s the hinge of a nice passive fold, … Read more
Last Saturday, before the rains moved in…
Returning to his February field trip in west Texas, Callan examines the contact zone where the Red Bluff Granite intruded into a group of surficial rocks, including columnar-jointed basalt.
One more structure from the Castner Marble. This one is clearly tectonically-induced: Top to the left! (East over west)
The Castner Marble is an extraordinary Mesoproterozoic limestone (later re-crystallized and metamorphosed) that exhibits some primary structures (both explicit and ambiguous) and some secondary (tectonic) overprints. It’s exposed in the Franklin Mountains of west Texas.
Some tafoni (pattern of little weathering pits) expressed on Malmesbury Group (~700 Ma) turbidite sandstones at a little outcrop on the eastern shore of False Bay, South Africa: That last one seems to have some concentric layering to the tafoni pits – exfoliation? Spheroidal weathering? Hmm…
In December, Callan found an outcrop of Neoproterozoic-aged turbidites in South Africa, on the eastern shore of False Bay.
Callan visits the Sea Point migmatite, a contact between intrusive granite and older metasedimentary rocks, along the west coast of South Africa near Cape Town. His guide? None other than AGU Blogosphere blogger Evelyn Mervine of Georneys!
Riding a cable-car up the side of the Franklin Mountains, Callan checks out the local stratigraphy and structure (and igneous intrusions). Join him on an insightful cruise up several thousand feet and through a billion years of geologic time.
After our safari, Lily and I were taken up onto the Great Escarpment in northern South Africa. The escarpment is supported by sedimentary strata of the Transvaal Supergroup that overlie the Archean basement rock of the Kaapvaal Craton. The Transvaal strata are Paleoproterozoic in age, somewhere between 2.5 and 2.0 billion years old. They are … Read more
Here’s a look at what you see if you go to the Three Rondawels viewpoint above the Blyde River Nature Reserve in northern South Africa: A lovely scene. The three mega-hoodoos on the left are the eponymous “rondawels” (pronounced ron-da-vulz), which is the Afrikaans word for a round hut. These erosional remnants are more or … Read more
More pillow-like structures, seen in the Catoctin Formation, on the west side of the Blue Ridge Parkway about ten miles south of Interstate 64. Mini Sharpie for scale – what do you think? They don’t seem to be as strongly fracture-controlled as the Stony Man area “pillows.” But dang, they sure are small… Read the … Read more
Callan and three students visit a world-class outcrop of columnar jointing in Shenandoah National Park.
Callan visits a new outcrop of highly-sheared rocks in the basement complex of Virginia’s Blue Ridge province.
I saw this boulder lining a garden this past weekend down in Nellysford, Virginia, in the scenic valley of the Rockfish River draining the eastern slope of the Blue Ridge. It’s a piece of the Neoproterozoic-aged Catoctin Formation, a series of lava flows and associated rocks that erupted on the breakup of the early supercontinent … Read more
After my talk Wednesday night to the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club, I got an email from PATC member Tom Johnson, with an extraordinary photo attached. It shows an exceptional outcrop of the Neoproterozoic Catoctin Formation, exposed atop Compton Peak in northern Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. The outcrop features enormous, well-preserved cooling columns from these ancient … Read more
As a follow up to last week’s post about halite casts in a hand sample I collected in western Montana’s Belt Supergroup, here’s another example. Unlike those (larger) examples of halite-shaped mud cubes, this sample shows (smaller) examples of the empty space left behind by the dissolved salt crystals: Image is scanned, and the penny … Read more
I collect a lot of samples when I roam the west on my summer georoadtrips. Yesterday when I got back to my office at NOVA, I unloaded about 200 pounds of rocks from my Prius. These samples are all destined to serve as teaching aides for NOVA and GMU students in lab exercises and/or hallway … Read more
Callan presents a gazillion photos from a field trip to examine the Rockfish Conglomerate, a potential Snowball Earth glacial outwash facies from the Neoproterozoic of the Virginia Blue Ridge province.